plant
Pomegranate
Pomegranate as a plant people have named and used. Seed vault, underworld fruit, red chamber — one living kind, not a single symbol.
Hellenic religion
Pomegranate appears in Hellenic religion.
The Homeric Hymn to Demeter has Persephone eat a pomegranate seed in the underworld, binding her return. A named plant in that hymn, not a generic underworld-fruit dump and not apple as the Norse youth-fruit.
from Anonymous (Homeric hymn) · Homeric Hymn to Demeter, c. 7th–6th century BCE
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Pomegranate is used in Medicine.
Dioscorides’ De Materia Medica lists pomegranate (rhoa) rind and flower among astringent drugs. A named pomegranate in that handbook, not the Hymn to Demeter underworld fruit already walked and not a superfood dump.
from Pedanius Dioscorides · De Materia Medica, 1st century CE
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Pomegranate is historically related to Wine.
In Culpeper English Physician, pomegranate rinds boiled in red wine with myrtles stay flux of the belly - pomegranate is boiled in that wine.
from Nicholas Culpeper · The English Physician, 1652 (and later PD editions)
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Pomegranate is historically related to Bell.
In Watson Biblical and Theological Dictionary, the high-priest blue robe carries seventy-two bells and as many embroidered pomegranates upon its skirts.
from Richard Watson · A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, 1831–32 (Gutenberg #53884)
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Myrtle is historically related to Pomegranate.
In Culpeper’s English Physician, unguentum sumach takes myrtle berries with balaustines and pomegranate pills among the astringent simples before wax — myrtle sits with that pomegranate.
from Nicholas Culpeper · The English Physician, 1652 (and later PD editions)
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Islam
Pomegranate appears in Islam.
The Qur’an names the pomegranate among garden produce and provision speech. A named plant in that Arabic scripture, not Persephone’s underworld seed already walked and not a Mediterranean orchard dump alone.
from M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation) · The Qur’an, 2004 (this translation); Arabic text 7th century CE
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Roman religion
Pomegranate appears in Roman religion.
Pliny’s Natural History seats the pomegranate among orchard fruits and dye-adjacent rinds. A named pomegranate in that encyclopedia, not Homeric Hymn Persephone seed already walked and not apple as a northern youth-fruit.
from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE
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sources
- Homeric Hymn to Demeter · Anonymous (Homeric hymn)
Homeric Hymn 2, to Demeter.
- De Materia Medica · Pedanius Dioscorides
Dioscorides, De Materia Medica.
- The Qur’an · M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation)
M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, The Qur’an (Oxford).
- Natural History · Pliny the Elder
Pliny, Naturalis Historia.
- The English Physician · Nicholas Culpeper
Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician (Complete Herbal).
- A Biblical and Theological Dictionary · Richard Watson
Richard Watson, A Biblical and Theological Dictionary.