place
Temple
A built house for a god or cult. Plans, priesthoods, and later metaphors of the body as temple are different uses of the word.
Hellenic religion
Temple appears in Hellenic religion.
Pausanias’s Description of Greece walks temple after temple as the ordinary seats of cult. A named temple class in that periegesis, not shrine as a smaller mark and not every sacred building dump.
from Pausanias · Description of Greece, c. 150–180 CE
appears in · sourced · documented
Stylobate is used in Temple.
Vitruvius’s Ten Books seat the continuous top step that carries a colonnade — the stylobate — in the proportioning of temples and their column ranks. A named stylobate in that order-handbook, not a bare plinth dump and not Pausanias’s temple-visitor walk alone.
from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914
used in · sourced · documented
Entablature is used in Temple.
Vitruvius’s Ten Books seat the stacked architrave–frieze–cornice carried on columns as the entablature of temple orders. A named entablature in that handbook, not the cornice band alone already met and not a generic beam dump.
from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914
used in · sourced · documented
Roman religion
Temple appears in Roman religion.
Virgil’s Aeneid seats temples among Juno’s Carthage precinct and Apollo’s Cumaean seat. Named temple buildings in that epic, not altar as the offering-stone and not every Greek naos dump.
from Virgil · Aeneid, 19 BCE (unfinished at the poet’s death)
appears in · sourced · documented
Pilaster is used in Temple.
Vitruvius’s Ten Books seat shallow rectangular engaged supports against walls among temple and hall fabric — pilaster speech beside freestanding columns. A named pilaster in that handbook, not a buttress pier and not a freestanding column dump.
from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914
used in · sourced · documented
Buttress is used in Temple.
Vitruvius’s Ten Books seat projecting wall abutments that resist thrust among temple and public-wall fabric. A named buttress in that handbook, not a flying-buttress Gothic arch and not a pilaster strip alone.
from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914
used in · sourced · documented
Nahua tradition
Temple appears in Nahua tradition.
Sahagún’s Florentine Codex records teocalli and temple precinct speech across gods’ books and feast chapters — named god-houses and their cult furniture. A colonial-era Nahua ethnographic attestation, not a pan-Mesoamerican essence and not an unfiltered pre-invasion voice.
from Bernardino de Sahagún and Nahua collaborators · Florentine Codex, c. 1577
appears in · sourced · culturally specific
European folklore
Pew appears in Temple.
Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the pew among fixed church seating of English joinery and cabinet speech attested inside temple and church places. A named pew in that trade, not a faldstool as the movable ecclesiastical stool and not a domestic settee.
from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803
appears in · sourced · documented
Menorah is historically related to Temple.
JE MENORAH seats the Mosaic holy candelabrum made for the Tabernacle and later placed in the Temple (with Solomon’s menorot), not a Hanukkah chanukiah and not the synagogue perpetual lamp alone.
from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906
historically related to · sourced · documented
Sukkot is historically related to Temple.
JE TABERNACLES, FEAST OF seats Sukkot features centered on Temple practice — lulab circuits around the altar, water-libation festivity, and willow adornment — feast-to-Temple kinship, not the booth furniture alone.
from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906
historically related to · sourced · documented
Chancel is historically related to Temple.
Mollett’s Chancel seats the eastern liturgical enclosure of a church — chancel speech, not a secular hall alone.
from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883
historically related to · sourced · documented
Arcade is historically related to Temple.
Mollett’s Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology seats Arcade in the material and craft neighborhood of temple and church fabric. Arcade historically related to temple by that shared workshop path, not a forced identity merge and not a modern brand SKU dump.
from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883
historically related to · sourced · documented
Naos is historically related to Temple.
Mollett’s Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology seats Naos in the material and craft neighborhood of temple and church fabric. Naos historically related to temple by that shared workshop path, not a forced identity merge and not a modern brand SKU dump.
from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883
historically related to · sourced · documented
Ogive is historically related to Temple.
Mollett’s Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology seats Ogive in the material and craft neighborhood of temple and church fabric. Ogive historically related to temple by that shared workshop path, not a forced identity merge and not a modern brand SKU dump.
from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883
historically related to · sourced · documented
Refectory is historically related to Temple.
Mollett’s Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology seats Refectory in the material and craft neighborhood of temple and church fabric. Refectory historically related to temple by that shared workshop path, not a forced identity merge and not a modern brand SKU dump.
from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883
historically related to · sourced · documented
Tithe is used in Temple.
In the Jewish Encyclopedia, every farmer had to make the solemn tithe profession of Deuteronomy xxvi annually in the Temple — the tithe is that Temple profession.
from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906
used in · sourced · documented
Cella is associated with Temple.
In Vitruvius’s Ten Books on Architecture, the length of a temple is adjusted so its width may be half its length, and the actual cella one fourth greater in length than in width — the cella is that temple chamber measure.
from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914
associated with · sourced · documented
Candlestick is historically related to Temple.
In Watson’s Biblical and Theological Dictionary, when Solomon had built the temple he placed ten golden candlesticks there of the same form Moses had made for the tabernacle — the candlestick is set in that temple.
from Richard Watson · A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, 1831–32 (Gutenberg #53884)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Veil is historically related to Temple.
In Watson’s Biblical and Theological Dictionary, when the veil of the temple was rent at Christ’s death, a new way of access was opened — the veil belongs to that temple.
from Richard Watson · A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, 1831–32 (Gutenberg #53884)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Portico is historically related to Temple.
In Vitruvius’s Ten Books on Architecture, rows of columns form a walk round the cella of the temple, as in the temple of Jupiter Stator in the portico of Metellus — the portico is built around that temple.
from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914
historically related to · sourced · documented
Incense is historically related to Temple.
In Watson’s Biblical and Theological Dictionary, Antiochus sent vessels of gold and silver filled with incense to be offered in the temple — incense is offered in that temple.
from Richard Watson · A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, 1831–32 (Gutenberg #53884)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Sanctuary is historically related to Temple.
In Watson’s Biblical and Theological Dictionary, great Roman temples held an altar in the sanctuary at the statue’s foot for incense, with further altars before the temple gate — the sanctuary sits inside that temple.
from Richard Watson · A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, 1831–32 (Gutenberg #53884)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Vedic tradition
Trishula is historically related to Temple.
Dowson’s Siva description seats the triśūla/trident called Pinaka in Siva’s hand in the same temple-image speech that places Nandi conspicuous before Siva’s temples — Shaiva trident-image kinship, not Poseidon’s fork and not Pinaka-as-bow flatten.
from John Dowson · A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, 1879
historically related to · sourced · documented
Buddhist traditions
Pagoda is historically related to Temple.
Bushell’s Architecture chapter seats Chinese pagodas among Buddhist temple towers — tower speech at temple sites, not a European church steeple dump.
from Stephen W. Bushell · Chinese Art, 1904–1906 (2nd ed. 1909)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Chinese tradition
Pavilion is historically related to Temple.
Bushell’s Architecture seats garden and temple pavilions among Chinese open halls in palace and temple grounds — pavilion speech, not a European bandstand dump alone.
from Stephen W. Bushell · Chinese Art, 1904–1906 (2nd ed. 1909)
historically related to · sourced · documented
sources
- Description of Greece · Pausanias
Pausanias, Description of Greece.
- Aeneid · Virgil
Virgil, Aeneid.
- Florentine Codex · Bernardino de Sahagún and Nahua collaborators
Bernardino de Sahagún, General History of the Things of New Spain (Florentine Codex).
- De Architectura · Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation)
Vitruvius, The Ten Books on Architecture, trans. Morris Hicky Morgan (1914).
- The Cabinet Dictionary · Thomas Sheraton
Thomas Sheraton, The Cabinet Dictionary (1803).
- The Jewish Encyclopedia · Isidore Singer et al.
Isidore Singer et al., The Jewish Encyclopedia (1901–1906).
- A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion · John Dowson
John Dowson, A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion (1879).
- Chinese Art · Stephen W. Bushell
Stephen W. Bushell, Chinese Art (V&A handbook, 1904–1906).
- Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology · J. W. Mollett
J. W. Mollett, An Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology (1883).
- A Biblical and Theological Dictionary · Richard Watson
Richard Watson, A Biblical and Theological Dictionary.