animal
Donkey
Donkey as an animal people have named and used. Stubborn load, sure footing, humble strength — one living kind, not a single symbol.
Islam
Donkey appears in Islam.
The Qur’an names the donkey among beasts of burden and in the parable of books on a donkey’s back (62:5). A named animal in that revelation, not a comic stubbornness dump.
from M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation) · The Qur’an, 2004 (this translation); Arabic text 7th century CE
appears in · sourced · documented
Egyptian religion
Donkey appears in Egyptian religion.
Herodotus’s Egyptian and Libyan logos note asses among ordinary and desert fauna and baggage speech. A named donkey in that traveler’s speech, not horse as the cavalry keep-apart and not a cartoon burro dump.
from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
appears in · sourced · documented
Donkey is sacred to Typhon.
Plutarch’s On Isis and Osiris seats the ass/donkey as Typhon’s animal in Egyptian cult speech — reddish ass imagery in Typhon-facing keep-aparts. A named donkey–Typhon cult link under this source, not a Roman pack-animal dump and not a missing ass id.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
sacred to · sourced · culturally specific
Hellenic religion
Donkey appears in Hellenic religion.
Ovid’s Metamorphoses Book 11 gives Midas ass’s ears after he judges against Apollo’s music. A named donkey/ass metamorphosis mark in that poem, not every pack-animal dump and not Silenus’s mount as the only claim.
from Ovid · Metamorphoses, 8 CE
appears in · sourced · documented
sources
- The Qur’an · M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation)
M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, The Qur’an (Oxford).
- Histories · Herodotus
Herodotus, Histories.
- On Isis and Osiris · Plutarch
Plutarch, On Isis and Osiris (Moralia).
- Metamorphoses · Ovid
Ovid, Metamorphoses.