tradition

Egyptian religion

Traditions

The temple cults and funerary literature of the Nile valley, spanning many kingdoms and not a single creed.

Also known as Kemet

Meetings in this tradition's context

Thoth is associated with Knowledge.
In the Book of the Dead Thoth records and calculates. The knowledge is literacy and judgment in a funerary court, not Greek rhetoric.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Thoth is associated with Moon.
Egyptian tradition associates Thoth with the moon and with measuring time. The moon here is a reckoner’s light, not a Hellenistic natal planet.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Thoth is associated with Underworld.
Thoth is present at the weighing of the dead. The underworld is the Egyptian Duat of the spells, not Hades or Xibalba.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Sun is associated with Rebirth.
Egyptian funerary hope is bound to the sun’s daily rising. That daily return is not the same claim as a later European “rebirth” slogan.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Serpent is associated with Death.
Egyptian tradition treats Apep as a serpent of chaos opposed to the sun’s order. Danger here is cosmic opposition, not Asklepian healing and not a feathered serpent of wind.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Serpent is opposed to Sun.
Apep’s opposition is to the sun’s night journey. Keep this hostility separate from the Nahua feathered serpent, which is not an enemy of the sun in the same plot.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Eye is associated with Sun.
Egyptian theology can treat the sun as an eye of a god. That solar eye is not the Mediterranean charm against envy.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Eye is associated with Knowledge.
The restored eye in Egyptian myth is a recovery of order and sight. Knowledge here is restored function, not Hermetic gnosis.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Death is associated with Rebirth.
Egyptian funerary spells work for a justified dead who may go forth by day. That hope is Egyptian, not a generic cycle.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Rebirth is associated with Underworld.
The dead in Egyptian spells travel a below that is also a solar night road. Rebirth and underworld meet there as an Egyptian itinerary.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Eye is opposed to Death.
The wedjat is among the marks meant to keep a dead person whole. Protection against damage in the tomb is not the folk blighting glance.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Time is associated with Thoth.
Egyptian tradition treats Thoth as a measurer of times. The measure is a scribal-lunar office, not Saturn’s delay.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Sun is sacred to Ra.
Egyptian temple and funerary religion treats the sun as Ra’s course. The god and the star meet there as an Egyptian itinerary.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Writing is sacred to Thoth.
Egyptian tradition treats Thoth as the scribe of the gods. Writing here is a funerary and temple literacy, not the Hermetic treatise’s boast.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Soul is associated with Duat.
The Book of the Dead places a weighing in the below. What is weighed is an Egyptian heart-and-person, not a later Christian soul on a scale.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Isis is connected to Osiris.
Egyptian myth has Isis search for and restore Osiris. The plot is a royal-funerary one, not a Greek Demeter search copied backwards.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Isis is associated with Knowledge.
Isis is a speaker of effective words in Egyptian tradition. The knowledge is effective speech, not Hermetic gnosis.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Ra is associated with Duat.
The sun’s night journey is mapped through the Duat in funerary literature. That below is a solar road as well as a tomb geography.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Ra is associated with Rebirth.
The sun’s rising is the pattern Egyptian funerary hope borrows. Daily return is not a later European rebirth slogan.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Anubis is associated with Death.
Anubis is a god of the body’s care after death. The job is embalming and guiding in an Egyptian tomb, not a generic reaper.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Anubis is associated with Duat.
Funerary texts place Anubis in the business of the below. The Duat is his working geography.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Osiris is associated with Rebirth.
Osiris is restored after dismemberment in Egyptian myth. The restoration is a royal-funerary plot, not a snake-shed.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Osiris is associated with Duat.
The justified dead may join Osiris’s condition. The below is an Egyptian court and field, not Hades.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Osiris is associated with Green.
Some Egyptian images give Osiris a green face. Green here is a funerary color of restored life, not ordinary leaf-theology.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Osiris is associated with Death.
Osiris is a dead god who remains a king of the dead. Death and kingship meet in that Egyptian office.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Serpent is opposed to Ra.
Apep’s opposition is to the sun’s order. Danger here is an Egyptian night-road hostility, not Asklepian medicine.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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River is connected to Nile.
The Nile is one named river. Connecting the category to the instance keeps the Nile from standing in for every stream.
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Nile is associated with Flood.
The Nile’s inundation is a yearly rise, not Utnapishtim’s world-covering flood. Keep the two waters distinct even when English uses one word.
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Nile is associated with Osiris.
Later Egyptian religion can join Osiris to the river’s life. The pairing is an Egyptian agricultural-funerary meeting, not a Greek river-god.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Duat is connected to Underworld.
Duat is one underworld. Connecting the names is a comparative convenience; they remain two places.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Duat is associated with Thoth.
Thoth records and calculates in the weighing of the dead. The Duat is his working court in those spells.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Duat is associated with Death.
The Egyptian below is a geography for a dead person who must still act. Death here is a passage with gates, not a stop.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Duat is associated with Rebirth.
Going forth by day after the below is an Egyptian funerary hope. The itinerary is Egyptian.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Descent is associated with Osiris.
Egyptian funerary hope is a going through the below toward Osiris’s condition. The itinerary is a descent with a solar night road.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Blue is associated with Nile.
Later description paints the Nile as a blue course. The river’s work in Egyptian religion is inundation and kingship, not a color-theology.
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Thoth is used in Writing.
Thoth’s office is literacy. Visiting Thoth should reach writing as an Egyptian craft, not only “knowledge” as a blur.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Thoth is associated with Duat.
The weighing in the spells is a Duat scene. Keep the geography named, not only “underworld.”
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Water is associated with Nile.
The Nile is water as a named inundation. It is not Utnapishtim’s flood and not Daoist softness.
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Rebirth is associated with Osiris.
Egyptian rebirth-talk in the spells is often a joining to Osiris’s condition. The god is the local name of that hope.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Underworld is connected to Duat.
Walking the underworld page should reach Duat as a named Egyptian instance, not an alias.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Soul is associated with Anubis.
Anubis’s care is of a body that must remain a person. English soul is blunt for that Egyptian equipment.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Sistrum is sacred to Isis.
Plutarch’s Isis and Osiris treats the sistrum as Isis’s shaking rattle. A named cult-instrument of that goddess, not a generic bell, and not a sistrum dump onto every Egyptian rite.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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Tyet is sacred to Isis.
The Book of the Dead treats the tyet-knot as Isis’s blood-sign among the dead. A named knot of that goddess, not the djed, and not a generic amulet.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Djed is sacred to Osiris.
The Book of the Dead treats the djed-pillar as Osiris’s backbone-sign. A named pillar of that god, not the tyet, and not a generic column.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Mandjet is sacred to Ra.
The Book of the Dead names the Mandjet as Ra’s day barque. A named solar boat of that god, not the Mesektet, and not a generic ship.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Mesektet is sacred to Ra.
The Book of the Dead names the Mesektet as Ra’s night barque. A named night boat of that god, not the Mandjet, and not a generic ship.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Uraeus is sacred to Ra.
The Book of the Dead treats the uraeus as the rearing cobra of Ra’s brow. A named royal-solar cobra of that god, not a generic serpent, and not Wadjet as a second unpublished goddess-flatten.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Ushabti is sacred to Osiris.
The Book of the Dead sends the ushabti to answer for the dead in the fields of Osiris. A named funerary servant of that god’s estate, not the heart-scarab, and not a generic tomb-doll.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Isis is used in Rite.
Herodotus describes a principal Egyptian festival of Isis at Busiris where the people lament after sacrifice. A Greek traveler’s report of Isis as the dedicatory focus of a named rite, not the Demeter interpretatio edge and not a Book of the Dead spell.
from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
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Nile valley

Wedjat represents Eye.
The wedjat is a restored eye in Egyptian imagery. It is a specific sign, not every drawing of an eye.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972; Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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Pyramid appears in Giza.
The Giza plateau holds the famous Old Kingdom pyramids. The place is a cemetery; the silhouette later travelled without the burial.
from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
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Lotus appears in Nile.
The plant is a water plant of the Egyptian valley in that imagery. Geography first.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Lotus is associated with Rebirth.
Egyptian funerary imagery can tie the lotus to rising with the sun. That is a Nile grammar of renewal, not a Buddhist lotus-seat.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Ankh is associated with Rebirth.
The sign writes life. Funerary hope and offering scenes use it; that is not a later occult “key of the mysteries.”
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Giza appears in Nile valley.
Giza is a cemetery plateau of the valley. Tourism and occult silhouettes come later.
from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
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Scarab is associated with Sun.
The beetle rolling a ball was read as the sun’s becoming. An Egyptian image, not a generic scarab of jewelry shops.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Ibis is sacred to Thoth.
Thoth can be shown as an ibis. A Nile bird in a temple grammar, not a later scribal mascot.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE; Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Thoth is associated with Ibis.
The same pairing. Plutarch discusses Egyptian animal-signs as a Greek interpreter.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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Pyramid is associated with Stone.
Pyramids are piled stone. A building fact before it is a silhouette of mystery.
from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
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Giza is associated with Stone.
The plateau is worked limestone and casing stone. Herodotus’s visitor-account is not a quarry ledger, but the material is stone.
from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
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Nile valley contains Nile.
The inhabited valley is the river’s course. Egyptian facts belong here before they belong to Egyptomania.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972; Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
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Ibis appears in Nile.
The bird belongs to the valley’s fauna in Egyptian sign. A Nile wader, not a Hermetic mascot.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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Ibis is associated with Writing.
Thoth’s ibis is tied to writing in Egyptian grammar. The bird does not write; the god of the sign does.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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Scarab is associated with Rebirth.
Khepri’s becoming is a solar becoming. Egyptian, not a crystal-shop rebirth.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Wedjat is associated with Healing.
The restored eye is a restored whole. Healing as a completed sign, not a later clinical metaphor.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Lotus is associated with Sun.
Egyptian imagery can open the lotus with the sun’s rising. A valley grammar of daybreak.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
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Green appears in Nile valley.
Osiris’s green face is an Egyptian image of restored life. Keep it off Islamic green and off leaf-green.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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