Carnelian

• Carnelian is used in Medicine.

  Pliny’s Natural History treats carnelian/sarda among red silica stones used in remedies and related preparations. A Roman-era pharmacological use of the flesh-red chalcedony, not sardonyx alone and not a Book of the Dead stretch as this edge.

  from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE

  used in · sourced · documented

Egyptian religion

• Carnelian appears in Egyptian religion.

  The Book of the Dead’s amulet spells name carnelian among red stones set for the dead’s protection. A named carnelian in that corpus, not jasper as a dump and not the tyet knot already walked as a separate object.

  from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

  appears in · sourced · documented

Buddhist traditions

• Carnelian appears in Buddhist traditions.

  Watson’s Lotus Sūtra names carnelian among the seven treasures of Buddha-land and stupa adornment. A named Mahāyāna treasure-stone in that sūtra, not Pliny pharmacy alone and not ruby as a different red jewel already filed beside it in this run.

  from Burton Watson (translation) · The Lotus Sutra, 1993 (this translation); Sanskrit/Chinese recensions much older

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Mesopotamian tradition

• Carnelian appears in Mesopotamian tradition.

  The Epic of Gilgamesh seats carnelian among the precious stones of royal treasure and Enkidu’s funeral offerings beside lapis. A named carnelian in that epic, not lapis-lazuli as the blue stone already walked and not a generic gem dump.

  from Epic of Gilgamesh, c. 1200 BCE (this recension)

  appears in · sourced · documented

• Carnelian is used in Burial.

  The Epic of Gilgamesh seats carnelian among the precious stones Gilgamesh offers in Enkidu’s funeral. Carnelian used in that burial-offering practice, not lapis as the blue stone already walked and not a second gem dump.

  from Epic of Gilgamesh, c. 1200 BCE (this recension)

  used in · sourced · documented