place
Nile
The river of the Egyptian valley. Inundation, kingship, and later travelers’ Nile are different meetings with the same course of water.
Also known as Iteru
Egyptian religion
Nile appears in Egyptian religion.
Egyptian life and kingship are bound to the Nile’s inundation in temple and later description. The river is Egyptian geography, not a generic sacred water.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
appears in · partially sourced · documented
Nile is associated with Flood.
The Nile’s inundation is a yearly rise, not Utnapishtim’s world-covering flood. Keep the two waters distinct even when English uses one word.
associated with · interpretive · culturally specific
Nile is associated with Osiris.
Later Egyptian religion can join Osiris to the river’s life. The pairing is an Egyptian agricultural-funerary meeting, not a Greek river-god.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
associated with · partially sourced · culturally specific
Nile is historically related to Osiris.
Plutarch’s On Isis and Osiris identifies the Nile with Osiris’s efflux — river moisture as Osiris against Typhon’s sea in that essay’s elemental allegory. A named Nile–Osiris figure under this source, not green→nile-valley alone and not a flood-report dump.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
historically related to · sourced · culturally specific
River is connected to Nile.
The Nile is one named river. Connecting the category to the instance keeps the Nile from standing in for every stream.
connected to · interpretive · culturally specific
Blue is associated with Nile.
Later description paints the Nile as a blue course. The river’s work in Egyptian religion is inundation and kingship, not a color-theology.
associated with · interpretive · culturally specific
Water is associated with Nile.
The Nile is water as a named inundation. It is not Utnapishtim’s flood and not Daoist softness.
associated with · interpretive · culturally specific
Roman religion
Nile appears in Roman religion.
Pliny’s Natural History seats the Nile among Book 5 Egyptian geography, flood, and wonder speech. A named Nile in that encyclopedia, not river as the generic stream already under Virgil and not Book of the Dead nile alone.
from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE
appears in · sourced · documented
Egyptian religion · Nile valley
Lotus appears in Nile.
The plant is a water plant of the Egyptian valley in that imagery. Geography first.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972
appears in · sourced · documented
Nile valley contains Nile.
The inhabited valley is the river’s course. Egyptian facts belong here before they belong to Egyptomania.
from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972; Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE
contains · sourced · documented
Ibis appears in Nile.
The bird belongs to the valley’s fauna in Egyptian sign. A Nile wader, not a Hermetic mascot.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
appears in · sourced · documented
sources
- Book of the Dead · Raymond O. Faulkner (translation)
Raymond O. Faulkner, The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead.
- Natural History · Pliny the Elder
Pliny, Naturalis Historia.
- On Isis and Osiris · Plutarch
Plutarch, On Isis and Osiris (Moralia).
- Histories · Herodotus
Herodotus, Histories.