Ring

• Ring is associated with Fate.

  A ring can seal an oath or a gift. Later stories treat some rings as binding luck; the token is older than the fairy-tale.

  associated with · interpretive · culturally specific

• Ring is associated with Gold.

  Many rings are gold. The metal’s price and the token’s job are different.

  associated with · interpretive · culturally specific

Celtic tradition

• Ring appears in Celtic tradition.

  Welsh and Irish stories give rings as recognition-tokens and gifts. The object is a plot device in those literatures, not a Roman wedding-law.

  from Anonymous (Welsh prose); Sioned Davies (translation) · The Mabinogion, medieval Welsh manuscripts; Davies trans. 2007

  appears in · partially sourced · culturally specific

• Ring is historically related to Denarius.

  Caesar’s Gallic War Book 5 contrasts British currency of weighed bronze or iron rings with the coined money world of Roman speech. A historical relation of ring-currency to the denarius as named Roman silver coin, not a merge and not Mabinogion ring alone.

  from Julius Caesar · Gallic War, c. 50s BCE

  historically related to · sourced · culturally specific

Norse tradition

• Ring appears in Norse tradition.

  Snorri’s Gylfaginning names Draupnir as the gold ring that drips eight new rings every ninth night. A named ring-kind in that prose, not draupnir as the named object already walked and not Andvaranaut as a Poetic Edda ring.

  from Snorri Sturluson · Gylfaginning, c. 1220

  appears in · sourced · documented

• Ring is sacred to Odin.

  Snorri’s Gylfaginning seats Draupnir among Odin’s gold ring that drips eight new rings each ninth night. A named ring dedicated to that god, not ring→appears_in→norse as the kind walk alone and not draupnir→sacred_to→odin as the named-object edge alone.

  from Snorri Sturluson · Gylfaginning, c. 1220

  sacred to · sourced · documented

Hellenic religion

• Ring appears in Hellenic religion.

  Pausanias notes rings among personal dedications in sanctuaries. A named ring in that periegesis, not a wedding-checklist dump and not a magical seal slogan.

  from Pausanias · Description of Greece, c. 150–180 CE

  appears in · sourced · documented

Roman religion

• Ring appears in Roman religion.

  Pliny’s Natural History treats finger-rings among Roman gold, seal, and dress-metal chapters beyond the signet alone. A named ring in that encyclopedia, not signet-ring as the seal form already walked and not fibula as the dress pin.

  from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE

  appears in · sourced · documented

Buddhist traditions

• Ring appears in Buddhist traditions.

  Watson’s Lotus Sūtra seats finger-rings and loop-ornaments among the jewelry honors of Buddha-land speech beside necklaces and armlets. A named ring in that sūtra, not a signet-seal dump alone and not Andvari’s ring.

  from Burton Watson (translation) · The Lotus Sutra, 1993 (this translation); Sanskrit/Chinese recensions much older

  appears in · sourced · documented

Chinese tradition

• Ring appears in Chinese tradition.

  Laufer’s Jade Chapter VII seats jade girdle-rings among Chinese personal ornaments of the girdle set. A named ring-form in that archaeological survey, not bi-disk as the ritual perforated disc, not signet-ring, and not the Norse/Celtic/Roman/Buddhist ring seats already walked.

  from Berthold Laufer · Jade, 1912

  appears in · sourced · culturally specific

Mesopotamian tradition

• Ring appears in Mesopotamian tradition.

  The Epic of Gilgamesh seats rings and jewelry among royal gifts, treasure, and funeral offerings. A named ring in that epic, not signet-ring as a seal-device invent and not armlet as the arm ornament alone.

  from Epic of Gilgamesh, c. 1200 BCE (this recension)

  appears in · sourced · documented

European folklore

• Letter lock is historically related to Ring.

  Price’s Treatise seats the puzzle or letter lock among ring-locks whose lettered rings must align before the shackle frees, opened by a mnemonic rather than a steel key. A named letter-lock in that locksmith-puzzle speech, not a dial combination-lock alone, not a seal-lock, and not a padlock dump.

  from George Price · Treatise on Locks and Keys, 1856

  historically related to · sourced · documented

• Master key is used in Ring.

  Price’s Treatise seats master keys among suite-lock practice that lets a keeper carry on a key-ring only three or four small keys while each lock remains different, including prison and furniture suites. A named master-key in that locksmith-suite speech, not a skeleton-key pick set, not a pass-key dump, and not a bit-key alone.

  from George Price · Treatise on Locks and Keys, 1856

  used in · sourced · documented