Gate

Roman religion

• Gate appears in Roman religion.

  The Aeneid names the gates of the underworld and of Sleep among the thresholds Aeneas must pass. A named gate threshold in that epic, not temple as the building and not every city portal dump.

  from Virgil · Aeneid, 19 BCE (unfinished at the poet’s death)

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• Sally port is historically related to Gate.

  Vegetius’s Epitoma Book 4 seats controlled openings for sorties among fortified gates in siege and defense speech. Named sally-port historically related to published gate, not postern as a general rear opening alone and not a medieval barbican dump.

  from Vegetius · Epitoma rei militaris, late 4th–early 5th century CE

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• Postern is historically related to Gate.

  Vegetius’s Epitoma Book 4 seats secondary and rear fort openings among the gate-work of defended places — a postern apart from the main gate and from a sally-port sortie door. Named postern historically related to published gate, not sally-port as the sortie keep-apart and not a tourist castle dump.

  from Vegetius · Epitoma rei militaris, late 4th–early 5th century CE

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Hellenic religion

• Gate appears in Hellenic religion.

  Pausanias names city and sanctuary gates among Greek itinerary speech, kept beside propylaea without collapsing into that already-walked entry-building. A named gate in that periegesis, not a modern portal dump.

  from Pausanias · Description of Greece, c. 150–180 CE

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Mesopotamian tradition

• Gate appears in Mesopotamian tradition.

  Herodotus’s Babylon logos treats the city’s gates among monumental works. A named gate in that traveler’s speech, not Virgil’s underworld gate and not a garden-gate dump.

  from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE

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Egyptian religion

• Gate appears in Egyptian religion.

  The Book of the Dead maps named gates and gatekeepers the dead must know and pass in the below. A named funerary gate in that corpus, not a city wall dump and not door as an unpublished id.

  from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

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• Gate is used in Duat.

  The Book of the Dead maps named gates the dead must pass inside the Duat — gates used in underworld passage, not gate appears_in egyptian alone and not a belongs_to upgrade of duat to appears_in.

  from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

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Buddhist traditions

• Gate appears in Buddhist traditions.

  Watson’s Lotus Sūtra seats city gates in the phantom-city parable and related journey speech. A named gate in that sūtra, not Virgil’s Roman gates alone and not a generic doorway dump.

  from Burton Watson (translation) · The Lotus Sutra, 1993 (this translation); Sanskrit/Chinese recensions much older

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Norse tradition

• Gate appears in Norse tradition.

  Grímnismál in the Poetic Edda names Valgrind among the gates of the slain-hall neighborhood. A named gate in that poem, not every door dump and not Valhalla as the hall already walked.

  from Anonymous (Eddic poems); Carolyne Larrington (translation) · Poetic Edda, medieval Icelandic compilation; Larrington trans. 1996/2014

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Nahua tradition

• Gate appears in Nahua tradition.

  Sahagún’s Florentine Codex records city gates, temple entries, and processional thresholds among urban and feast ethnography — named gates as passage architecture. A colonial-era Nahua ethnographic attestation, not a pan-Mesoamerican essence and not an unfiltered pre-invasion voice.

  from Bernardino de Sahagún and Nahua collaborators · Florentine Codex, c. 1577

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Chinese tradition

• Gate appears in Chinese tradition.

  Wilhelm’s Yijing image and line speech names the gate among threshold figures of the hexagram world. A named gate in that classic, not a city-gate gazetteer dump and not threshold as the beliefs quality alone.

  from Richard Wilhelm / Cary F. Baynes (translation) · I Ching (Yijing), Wilhelm 1924; Baynes English 1950

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• Pailou is historically related to Gate.

  Bushell’s Architecture seats the pailou / paifang as the commemorative Chinese memorial gateway — gate speech, not a pagoda tower alone.

  from Stephen W. Bushell · Chinese Art, 1904–1906 (2nd ed. 1909)

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Shinto

• Gate appears in Shinto.

  The Kojiki seals Ama-no-Iwato with a great rock at the cave mouth when Amaterasu is drawn out — a gate-and-door crisis of the heavenly rock-cave. Named gate of that sealing, not torii as later shrine gate furniture and not a city-gate dump.

  from Ō no Yasumaro (compiler); Donald L. Philippi (translation) · Kojiki, 712 CE; Philippi trans. 1968

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• Torii is historically related to Gate.

  Chamberlain’s Torii article seats the characteristic Shintō shrine gateway of posts and cross-beams marking sacred precinct entry, not a secular city gate and not a Buddhist temple gate dump.

  from Basil Hall Chamberlain · Things Japanese, 1890 (5th ed. 1905)

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European folklore

• Barbican is historically related to Gate.

  Parker’s Glossary seats the barbican as a watch-tower or advanced outwork before the gate of a castle or fortified town, often defending the drawbridge approach. A named barbican in that fortification speech, not the bailey court and not a motte-and-bailey whole.

  from John Henry Parker · Glossary of Architecture, 1836 (and later enlarged editions)

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• Portcullis is historically related to Gate.

  Parker’s Glossary seats the portcullis as a massive iron or timber grating sliding in jamb grooves to defend mediaeval gateways, often in several successive leaves at fortress entrances. A named portcullis in that fortification speech, not a drawbridge over the ditch and not a bare iron dump alone.

  from John Henry Parker · Glossary of Architecture, 1836 (and later enlarged editions)

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• Trumeau is historically related to Gate.

  Parker’s Glossary lists trumeau among French terms for the pier or mass between adjacent openings — the portal pier that divides a doorway. A named trumeau in that opening speech, not a window mullion and not a plain jamb cheek alone.

  from John Henry Parker · Glossary of Architecture, 1836 (and later enlarged editions)

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• Peep hole is historically related to Gate.

  EB1911 / door furniture notes seat the peep-hole / spyhole in doors and gates — viewing-aperture speech, not a window alone.

  from Hugh Chisholm et al. · Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), 1910–1911

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• Triumphal arch is historically related to Gate.

  Mollett’s Triumphal Arch seats the monumental arched gateway of Roman triumph — triumphal-arch speech, not a free bridge alone.

  from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883

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