object
Bone
The hard remainder of a vertebrate. Relics, lots, and later memento images use bone without agreeing what it proves.
Bone is associated with Death.
Bone remains when soft stuff is gone. Relics and later memento images use that remainder; they are not one doctrine of the person.
associated with · interpretive · documented
Bone is used in Lots.
Marked bone has been used as a lot in more than one place. Each method has a home; this edge stays a type, not a single rite.
used in · interpretive · culturally specific
Bone is historically related to Ash.
In Ure’s Dictionary, cupels are formed from moistened bone ashes mixed with fern ashes, the bone ash a fraction of the bulk — bone is prepared as that ash.
from Andrew Ure · Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, 1839 (and later PD editions)
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Bone is historically related to Charcoal.
In Ure’s Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, bone black is the black carbonaceous substance into which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels — bone is calcined into that charcoal.
from Andrew Ure · Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, 1839 (and later PD editions)
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Bone is used in Offerings.
Burnt bone is recorded among substances mixed into sacrificial cakes and presented as offerings at household and public altars; Pliny notes bone ash used in votive preparations burned as a gift, distinct from medicinal plasters of the same mineral chapters.
from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE
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Bone is used in Medicine.
Bone enters medicine as what remains and what can still work. Ground, burned, or kept, it is asked to mend what soft tissue cannot hold — a hard remainder pressed into the craft of the sick.
from SHOE.BLUE · SHOE.BLUE, 2026
used in · interpretive · modern interpretation
Bone is used in Incense.
Bone used in Incense. The hard remainder of a vertebrate. Aromatics burned as offering or perfume. The Atlas keeps their meeting local, without dissolving either into a single meaning.
from SHOE.BLUE · SHOE.BLUE, 2026
used in · interpretive · modern interpretation
White is associated with Bone.
Bone is pale. The color-name is material before it is a purity code.
associated with · interpretive · documented
Stock Mix is historically related to Bone.
In Harrison's The Gunsmith's Manual, Stock Mix is placed beside Bone as concrete shop companions.
from J. P. Stelle & William B. Harrison · The Gunsmith's Manual, PD Gutenberg #71928
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Chalumeau is historically related to Bone.
In Cooley's Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts, Chalumeau sits with Bone in carving speech — named together on the working page.
from Arnold James Cooley · Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts, 6th ed. (PD; Gutenberg #39733 / #41957)
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Stain Equal is historically related to Bone.
In The Hardwood Finisher, Stain Equal is placed beside Bone as concrete shop companions.
from PD Gutenberg ed. · The Hardwood Finisher, PD Gutenberg #76021
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Dung Substitute is historically related to Bone.
In Cooley's Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts, Dung Substitute and Bone are named as companions in the same handbook speech.
from Arnold James Cooley · Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts, 6th ed. (PD; Gutenberg #39733 / #41957)
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Tortoise Shell Ground is historically related to Bone.
In Brown's Handbook on Japanning, Tortoise Shell Ground is placed beside Bone as concrete shop companions.
from William Norman Brown · Handbook on Japanning, PD Gutenberg #15622
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Stick Lac is historically related to Bone.
In Cooley's Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts, Stick Lac sits with Bone in carving speech — named together on the working page.
from Arnold James Cooley · Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts, 6th ed. (PD; Gutenberg #39733 / #41957)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Cupel is historically related to Bone.
In Ure’s Dictionary, in forming the cupel, layers of moistened bone ashes mixed with fern ashes are put into the test-frame — the cupel is formed from that bone ash.
from Andrew Ure · Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, 1839 (and later PD editions)
historically related to · sourced · documented
Passover is historically related to Bone.
In Watson’s Biblical and Theological Dictionary, the Passover table is covered with clean linen and dishes that include the shank bone of a shoulder of lamb or kid among the feast furniture.
from Richard Watson · A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, 1831–32 (Gutenberg #53884)
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Hellenic religion
Bone appears in Hellenic religion.
Hesiod’s Theogony seats the portioning at Mekone where Prometheus wraps white bones in fat as the gods’ share. A named bone trick in that cosmogony, not relic bone cult and not lots-casting bone alone.
from Hesiod · Theogony, c. 700 BCE
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Roman religion
Bone appears in Roman religion.
Virgil’s Aeneid seats bones among burial and pyre speech — gathered ossa of Misenus, Anchises’ rites, and the war dead. A named bone in that epic, not ivory as carved luxury already walked and not a relic dump.
from Virgil · Aeneid, 19 BCE (unfinished at the poet’s death)
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Nahua tradition
Bone appears in Nahua tradition.
Sahagún’s Florentine Codex seats bone as craft material and sounding rasp among instruments and earthly-things speech. A named bone object-material in that ethnography, not ivory as an Old-World stretch and not a KF offerings dump.
from Bernardino de Sahagún and Nahua collaborators · Florentine Codex, c. 1577
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Norse tradition
Bone appears in Norse tradition.
Snorri’s Gylfaginning has the gods shape mountains from Ymir’s bones in the cosmogony. A named bone in that prose, not blood as the sea-flood already walked and not relic-bone cult dumps.
from Snorri Sturluson · Gylfaginning, c. 1220
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Buddhist traditions
Bone appears in Buddhist traditions.
Watson’s Lotus Sūtra seats bodily relics — bone and related śarīra speech — among the treasures placed in stupas and honored by the assembly. A named bone in that relic register, not Hesiod/Virgil bone walks alone and not a kapala skull-cup dump.
from Burton Watson (translation) · The Lotus Sutra, 1993 (this translation); Sanskrit/Chinese recensions much older
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Bone is sacred to Buddha.
Watson’s Lotus Sūtra treats the Buddha’s relics — including bone — as sacred remains honored in stupas and offerings. A named bone sacred to the Buddha in that sūtra, not a generic death association and not dalada as the later Sri Lankan tooth-custody id.
from Burton Watson (translation) · The Lotus Sutra, 1993 (this translation); Sanskrit/Chinese recensions much older
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Egyptian religion
Bone appears in Egyptian religion.
Plutarch’s On Isis and Osiris seats bone in Egyptian mineral-theology when loadstone is called the bone of Horus and iron the bone of Typhon. A named bone figure in that treatise’s Egypt, not funerary relic bone alone and not a generic skeleton dump.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
appears in · sourced · culturally specific
Bone is historically related to Typhon.
Plutarch’s On Isis and Osiris, citing Manetho, calls iron the bone of Typhon opposite the loadstone as bone of Horus. A named bone–Typhon figure in that treatise, not a claim that bone is Typhon’s cult kit and not iron as this object edge (iron is not an object entity here).
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
historically related to · sourced · culturally specific
Lodestone is historically related to Bone.
Plutarch’s On Isis and Osiris records the Egyptian naming of loadstone as the bone of Horus (and iron as the bone of Typhon). A named lodestone–bone figure in that treatise, not a relic-bone dump and not magnetite as a separate mineral id.
from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE
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Northwest Coast tradition
Bone appears in Northwest Coast tradition.
Swanton’s Tlingit narratives seat bone among worked tool and ornament material of that coast. A named bone in that ethnography, not ivory as tusk material alone and not Pliny bone-ash pharmacy.
from John R. Swanton · Tlingit Myths and Texts, 1909
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Yoruba Ifá
Bone is used in Yoruba Ifá.
Bascom’s apparatus chapter seats elephant bone among carved heads (ọla / irin) kept with the sixteen palm nuts and among bone spheroids used as nut substitutes beside ivory. A named bone material use in that ethnography’s Ifá, not ivory as tusk alone and not relic-bone dumps.
from William Bascom · Ifa Divination, 1969
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Bone is historically related to Ivory.
Bascom’s Plate 1A pairs carved heads of ivory and of elephant bone among the decorative irin kept with the palm-nut set — neighboring hard materials of the same apparatus shelf. A named bone–ivory keep-apart in that ethnography, not identity of the two substances.
from William Bascom · Ifa Divination, 1969
historically related to · sourced · culturally specific
Islam
Bone appears in Islam.
The Qur’an repeatedly asks how bones will be restored when they are crumbled — resurrection-of-bones speech. Islamic bone attestation in that revelation, not relic-bone cult dumps and not blood as kinship/food-law speech alone.
from M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation) · The Qur’an, 2004 (this translation); Arabic text 7th century CE
appears in · sourced · documented
sources
- Theogony · Hesiod
Hesiod, Theogony.
- Aeneid · Virgil
Virgil, Aeneid.
- Florentine Codex · Bernardino de Sahagún and Nahua collaborators
Bernardino de Sahagún, General History of the Things of New Spain (Florentine Codex).
- Gylfaginning · Snorri Sturluson
Snorri Sturluson, Gylfaginning, in the Prose Edda.
- The Lotus Sutra · Burton Watson (translation)
Burton Watson, The Lotus Sutra.
- On Isis and Osiris · Plutarch
Plutarch, On Isis and Osiris (Moralia).
- Tlingit Myths and Texts · John R. Swanton
John R. Swanton, Tlingit Myths and Texts, BAE Bulletin 39 (1909).
- Ifa Divination · William Bascom
William Bascom, Ifa Divination: Communication between Gods and Men in West Africa.
- The Qur’an · M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation)
M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, The Qur’an (Oxford).
- Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines · Andrew Ure
Andrew Ure, A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines.
- Natural History · Pliny the Elder
Pliny, Naturalis Historia.
- SHOE.BLUE · SHOE.BLUE
SHOE.BLUE, Atlas instrument voice.
- The Gunsmith's Manual · J. P. Stelle & William B. Harrison
Stelle & Harrison, The Gunsmith's Manual (PD Gutenberg ed.).
- Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts · Arnold James Cooley
Arnold James Cooley, Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts (6th ed.).
- The Hardwood Finisher · PD Gutenberg ed.
The Hardwood Finisher (PD Gutenberg #76021).
- Handbook on Japanning · William Norman Brown
William Norman Brown, Handbook on Japanning (PD Gutenberg ed.).
- A Biblical and Theological Dictionary · Richard Watson
Richard Watson, A Biblical and Theological Dictionary.