Map

plant

Oak

Nature

A long-lived hardwood tree. Thunder gods, law assemblies, and ordinary timber have used oaks; those uses do not cancel one another.

object · 589

European folklore

  • Figurehead is historically related to Oak.

    Falconer’s Dictionary seats the figurehead as the carved figure under the bowsprit — ship’s timber carving in the oak and carved-wood neighborhood of European hulls. A named figurehead in that bow-carving speech, not the bowsprit spar itself and not a shore statue dump.

    from William Falconer · Universal Dictionary of the Marine, 1769

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Windsor chair is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Cabinet Dictionary seats the Windsor chair among stick-spindle country and workshop seats whose English cabinet speech centers oak (with ash and elm neighbors) rather than as a stuffed wing chair or French bergère. A named Windsor in that cabinet trade, not a wing easy-chair and not a bergère frame.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Rocking chair is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the rocking chair among chairs on curved rockers of English and American workshop wood speech, commonly oak and kindred hardwoods. A named rocking chair in that cabinet trade, not a Windsor spindle seat alone and not a stuffed wing chair.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Ladder-back chair is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the ladder-back chair among horizontal-slat country chairs of oak and hardwood workshop speech. A named ladder-back in that cabinet trade, not a Windsor spindle back and not a wing easy-chair.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Gateleg table is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the gateleg table among flap tables whose hinged gate legs are oak workshop speech of English cabinet-making. A named gateleg in that trade, not a refectory long board, not a trestle pair, and not a wall console.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Refectory table is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the refectory table among long dining boards of oak hall and monastery speech in cabinet trade. A named refectory table in that trade, not a gateleg flap table, not a trestle temporary board, and not a console against the wall.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Trestle table is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the trestle table among boards on separable trestle supports of oak workshop and hall speech. A named trestle table in that trade, not a gateleg, not a fixed refectory frame, and not a console.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Console table is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the console table among wall tables and pier tables of oak and hardwood cabinet speech, often with ornamental fronts. A named console in that trade, not a gateleg flap, not a refectory board, and not a trestle.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Chest of drawers is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the chest of drawers among case pieces with stacked drawers of oak and hardwood cabinet speech. A named chest of drawers in that trade, not a highboy as the tall upper-on-base form and not a lowboy as the short dressing case.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Armoire is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the armoire among tall cupboard case pieces of oak and hardwood cabinet speech for hanging and storage. A named armoire in that trade, not a chest of drawers as the drawer stack and not a hope chest as the dowry box.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

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  • Hope chest is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the hope chest among dowry and linen chests of oak case speech in domestic cabinet trade. A named hope chest in that trade, not an armoire cupboard and not a mule chest as the drawer-under-lid hybrid alone.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Mule chest is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the mule chest among hybrid chests with drawers under a lift lid of oak case speech. A named mule chest in that trade, not a plain hope chest and not a full chest of drawers.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Bureau plat is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the bureau plat among flat writing tables of French cabinet speech in oak and hardwood. A named bureau plat in that trade, not an escritoire fall-front, not a davenport slope, and not a secretary with upper bookcase.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Secretary desk is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the secretary desk among writing desks with upper bookcase or pigeonhole cases of oak cabinet speech. A named secretary in that trade, not a plain escritoire alone, not a davenport, and not a bureau plat flat table.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Lap desk is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the lap desk among portable writing boxes of oak and hardwood cabinet speech for travel and chamber use. A named lap desk in that trade, not a full escritoire cabinet and not a bureau plat.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Four-poster bed is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the four-poster bed among bedsteads with four posts of oak chamber cabinet speech. A named four-poster in that trade, not a canopy-bed as textile emphasis alone, not a box-bed enclosure, and not a trundle under-bed.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Box bed is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the box bed among enclosed cupboard bedsteads of oak vernacular and cabinet speech. A named box bed in that trade, not a four-poster, not a canopy show bed, and not a trundle.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Trundle bed is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the trundle bed among low roll-out bedsteads of oak chamber speech stored under a larger bed. A named trundle in that trade, not a four-poster, not a canopy, and not a box enclosure.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Cradle is historically related to Oak.

    Sheraton’s Dictionary seats the cradle among rocking infant bedsteads of oak cabinet and domestic speech. A named cradle in that trade, not a bassinet as the lighter basket bed and not a grain-cradle farm tool or cradle-song false friend.

    from Thomas Sheraton · The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Longcase clock is historically related to Oak.

    Reid’s treatise seats the longcase among tall freestanding pendulum clocks whose English cases are full-height wooden hoods and trunks, oak among the cabinet woods of that clockmaker speech. A named longcase in that craft, not a bracket shelf clock and not a tower movement alone.

    from Thomas Reid · Treatise on Clock and Watch Making, 1826

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  • Mantel clock is historically related to Oak.

    Reid’s domestic clock speech seats the mantel clock among ornamental shelf cases made to sit on a mantel or console, wooden casework among the cabinet neighbors of that trade. A named mantel-clock in that craft, not a bracket movement type alone and not a longcase trunk.

    from Thomas Reid · Treatise on Clock and Watch Making, 1826

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Clog is historically related to Oak.

    Planché’s Cyclopaedia seats the clog among wooden-soled work shoes of later European practice, keeping the sole in the oak and hard-wood neighborhood rather than as an all-wood sabot carve alone. A named clog in that costume speech, not a sabot, not a patten overshoe, and not a chelsea-boot.

    from James Robinson Planché · A Cyclopaedia of Costume, 1876–1879

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Sabot is historically related to Oak.

    Planché’s Cyclopaedia seats the sabot among carved all-wood French and related peasant shoes, oak and hard wood in costume speech. A named sabot in that costume speech, not a clog with leather uppers alone, not a patten overshoe, and not a chelsea-boot.

    from James Robinson Planché · A Cyclopaedia of Costume, 1876–1879

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Choir stall is historically related to Oak.

    Parker’s Glossary seats choir stalls as the fitted seats lining the choir, commonly of carved timber in mediaeval church furniture. A named choir-stall in that furniture speech, not the choir space as a whole and not a sedilia priest-seat set beside the altar.

    from John Henry Parker · Glossary of Architecture, 1836 (and later enlarged editions)

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Mortise lock is historically related to Oak.

    Price’s Treatise seats the mortise lock among locks mortised into the thickness of the door woodwork, superseding unsightly rim cases for parlour doors, with mortise dead, two-bolt, three-bolt, and spring forms. A named mortise-lock in that locksmith-mounting speech, not a rim-lock surface case, not a stock-lock, and not a padlock.

    from George Price · Treatise on Locks and Keys, 1856

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Stock lock is historically related to Oak.

    Price’s Treatise seats Class III stock or wooden-case locks among locks whose works sit in a cavity cut from a block of wood (the stock) prepared to receive the plate. A named stock-lock in that locksmith-case speech, not a box-lock metal case, not a mortise-lock alone, and not a padlock.

    from George Price · Treatise on Locks and Keys, 1856

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Slide rule is historically related to Oak.

    Heather’s Treatise seats Coggeshall’s or the carpenter’s sliding rule among drawing-instrument additions used for taking dimensions and finding the contents of timber by logarithmic lines and a girt line. A named slide-rule in that Coggeshall speech, not a folding-rule, not Gunter’s chain, and not bare Gunter’s lines alone.

    from J. F. Heather · Treatise on Mathematical Instruments, 1849 (and later PD editions)

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unknown · 472
    substance · 139
    plant · 17

    • Oak is historically related to Fir.

      In Vitruvius’s Ten Books on Architecture, oak, elm, poplar, cypress, and fir are named as building timbers, and the oak has not the efficacy of the fir — oak is weighed against that fir in construction.

      from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Oak is historically related to Olive.

      In Vitruvius’s Ten Books on Architecture, soft marsh bottoms are set with piles of charred alder, olive wood, or oak before charcoal fills the intervals.

      from Vitruvius; Morris Hicky Morgan (translation) · De Architectura, 1st century BCE; Morgan English 1914

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Timber is historically related to Oak.

      In al's The Jewish Encyclopedia, Timber and Oak are named as companions in the same handbook speech.

      from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Banana is historically related to Oak.

      In Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, Banana is treated with Oak; piece and peer stock share the entry.

      from Andrew Ure · Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, 1839 (and later PD editions)

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Orange is historically related to Oak.

      In Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, Orange and Oak are named as companions in the same handbook speech.

      from Andrew Ure · Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, 1839 (and later PD editions)

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Sage is historically related to Oak.

      In Heather's Treatise on Mathematical Instruments, Sage and Oak are named as companions in the same handbook speech.

      from J. F. Heather · Treatise on Mathematical Instruments, 1849 (and later PD editions)

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Leaf is historically related to Oak.

      In Brewster's A Treatise on Optics, Leaf is placed beside Oak as concrete shop companions.

      from David Brewster · A Treatise on Optics, 1831 (and later PD editions)

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    • Vine is historically related to Oak.

      In Brewster's A Treatise on Optics, Vine is placed beside Oak as concrete shop companions.

      from David Brewster · A Treatise on Optics, 1831 (and later PD editions)

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Baobab is historically related to Oak.

      In Dunglison's Medical Lexicon, Baobab sits with Oak in woodwork speech — named together on the working page.

      from Robley Dunglison · Medical Lexicon, 1874 (and earlier PD eds.)

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    • Sunflower is historically related to Oak.

      In Dunglison's Medical Lexicon, Sunflower sits with Oak in woodwork speech — named together on the working page.

      from Robley Dunglison · Medical Lexicon, 1874 (and earlier PD eds.)

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    • Mint is historically related to Oak.

      In Culpeper's The English Physician, Mint is placed beside Oak as concrete shop companions.

      from Nicholas Culpeper · The English Physician, 1652 (and later PD editions)

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    • Lily is historically related to Oak.

      In Wood's The Nuttall Encyclopædia, Lily and Oak are named as companions in the same handbook speech.

      from Rev. James Wood (ed.) · The Nuttall Encyclopædia, 1907 (Gutenberg #12342)

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    • Cedar is historically related to Oak.

      In al's The Jewish Encyclopedia, Cedar sits with Oak in woodwork speech — named together on the working page.

      from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Date is historically related to Oak.

      In al's The Jewish Encyclopedia, Date is treated with Oak; piece and peer stock share the entry.

      from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Pepper is historically related to Oak.

      In al's The Jewish Encyclopedia, Pepper is treated with Oak; piece and peer stock share the entry.

      from Isidore Singer et al. · The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1901–1906

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Alder is historically related to Oak.

      In Cutbush's A System of Pyrotechny, Alder sits with Oak in woodwork speech — named together on the working page.

      from James Cutbush · A System of Pyrotechny, 1825 (Gutenberg #49028; PD in the USA)

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    • Fungus is historically related to Oak.

      In Cutbush's A System of Pyrotechny, Fungus sits with Oak in woodwork speech — named together on the working page.

      from James Cutbush · A System of Pyrotechny, 1825 (Gutenberg #49028; PD in the USA)

      historically related to · sourced · documented

    place · 10
    tradition · 4

    Celtic tradition

    • Oak appears in Celtic tradition.

      Pliny’s Natural History attests that Gaulish Druids hold the oak sacred and cut mistletoe from it. A Roman visitor’s report of Celtic oak-rite, not timber as a generic hardwood and not the mistletoe itself.

      from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE

      appears in · sourced · documented

    Hellenic religion

    • Oak appears in Hellenic religion.

      Herodotus reports the oracle at Dodona as a speaking oak of Zeus. A named Hellenic oak-oracle, not Pliny’s Druid oak, and not Yggdrasil.

      from Herodotus · Histories, c. 440s BCE

      appears in · sourced · culturally specific

    Roman religion

    • Oak appears in Roman religion.

      Virgil’s Aeneid seats the oak among Faunus’s oracle-tree and Italian sacred timber. A named oak in that epic, not Zeus’s Dodona oak dump alone and not a lumber checklist.

      from Virgil · Aeneid, 19 BCE (unfinished at the poet’s death)

      appears in · sourced · documented

    Norse tradition

    animal · 3
    material · 3
    practice · 2

    • Oak is used in Medicine.

      Pliny’s Natural History treats oak among trees whose galls and related products enter pharmacological speech. A named oak pharmacy use in that encyclopedia, not oak-celtic-pliny as the Druid grove seat already walked and not mistletoe as the parasite already walked.

      from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE

      used in · sourced · documented

    • Oak is used in Dye.

      Dioscorides’ De Materia Medica treats oak and its galls among tannin sources that darken leather and cloth preparations. A named oak dye/tannin use in that handbook, not oak-medicine-pliny as the pharmacy seat and not oak-gall as the separated gall material filed beside it.

      from Pedanius Dioscorides · De Materia Medica, 1st century CE

      used in · sourced · documented

    element · 1
    mineral · 1

    sources