Map

celestial-body

Sun

Nature · Cosmos

The star that lights the day. Cults, calendars, and later alchemical metal-lore have each made a different sun.

Also known as Sol

tradition · 12

Egyptian religion

Nahua tradition

Norse tradition

  • Sun appears in Norse tradition.

    Snorri’s Gylfaginning seats Sól among the sky-riders of that cosmogony, chased by the wolf Sköll. A named sun in that prose, not Ra as an Egyptian sun-god and not a zodiac dump alone.

    from Snorri Sturluson · Gylfaginning, c. 1220

    appears in · sourced · documented

Hellenic religion

  • Sun appears in Hellenic religion.

    The Iliad names the sun among oath-witnesses and sky markers over the plain. A named sun in that epic, not Ra as an Egyptian flatten and not dawn as the formula alone.

    from Homer · Iliad, c. 8th–7th century BCE (this form)

    appears in · sourced · documented

Buddhist traditions

  • Sun appears in Buddhist traditions.

    Watson’s Lotus Sūtra names the sun among luminaries that light Buddha-lands and among similes of the Dharma’s brightness. A named sun in that sūtra, not Ra sacred_to and not Nahua sun alone.

    from Burton Watson (translation) · The Lotus Sutra, 1993 (this translation); Sanskrit/Chinese recensions much older

    appears in · sourced · documented

Mesopotamian tradition

  • Sun appears in Mesopotamian tradition.

    MUL.APIN tracks the sun’s path and standstills among year hinges of Mesopotamian sky list-work. A named sun in that compendium, not Ra as an Egyptian sun-god and not a natal-chart dump alone.

    from Hermann Hunger and David Pingree · MUL.APIN, 1989 (this edition); tablets earlier

    appears in · sourced · documented

Astrology

  • Sun is used in Astrology.

    Ptolemy’s Tetrabiblos treats the sun among the seven wanderers whose positions enter judicial charts. A named sun in that handbook, not Ra’s cult course and not MUL.APIN list-work alone.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Tetrabiblos, c. 150 CE

    used in · sourced · documented

Vedic tradition

Roman religion

  • Sun appears in Roman religion.

    Pliny’s Natural History seats the sun among Book 2 lamps of the sky, heat, and measure. A named sun in that encyclopedia, not fire as Troy-flame already under Virgil and not a natal chart dump.

    from Pliny the Elder · Natural History, c. 77 CE

    appears in · sourced · documented

Islam

  • Sun appears in Islam.

    The Qur’an repeatedly names the sun (shams) among created signs, oaths, and prostration-of-creation speech. A named sun in that revelation, not Amaterasu identity already refused elsewhere and not a heliolatry dump.

    from M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (translation) · The Qur’an, 2004 (this translation); Arabic text 7th century CE

    appears in · sourced · documented

Chinese tradition

Shinto

  • Sun appears in Shinto.

    The Kojiki seats the sun’s light as what fails when Amaterasu hides in the rock-cave and returns when she is drawn out. Sun as cosmogonic light in that narrative, not amaterasu→represents→sun restated and not a Ptolemaic sun dump.

    from Ō no Yasumaro (compiler); Donald L. Philippi (translation) · Kojiki, 712 CE; Philippi trans. 1968

    appears in · sourced · documented

symbol · 9

Egyptian religion

  • Eye is associated with Sun.

    Egyptian theology can treat the sun as an eye of a god. That solar eye is not the Mediterranean charm against envy.

    from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

    associated with · partially sourced · culturally specific

European folklore

  • Sun in splendor is historically related to Sun.

    Boutell’s English Heraldry treats the sun in his splendour — faced sun with rays — as a heraldic charge. A named sun-in-splendor historically related to the sun, not estoile wavy star alone and not aten.

    from Charles Boutell · English Heraldry, 1867

    historically related to · sourced · documented

celestial-body · 6

  • Sun is historically related to Moon.

    In Twining’s Symbols and Emblems of Early and Mediæval Christian Art, on a catacomb lamp the shortness of life is represented by the sun and moon together with seven sheep for the churches — the sun is set with that moon.

    from Louisa Twining · Symbols and Emblems of Early and Mediaeval Christian Art, 1852 (new ed. 1885)

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Horologium is historically related to Sun.

    Mollett’s Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology seats Horologium in the material and craft neighborhood of solar light and disk speech. Horologium historically related to sun by that shared workshop path, not a forced identity merge and not a modern brand SKU dump.

    from J. W. Mollett · Illustrated Dictionary of Words Used in Art and Archaeology, 1883

    historically related to · sourced · documented

Hellenic religion

  • Tropical sky is historically related to Sun.

    Ptolemy’s Almagest Book II seats the tropics and the latitudes where the sun can pass through the zenith among the sphere regimes of the inhabited world. A named tropical-sky continuous with that zenith-sun / tropic neighborhood, not tropical-year as the equinox-to-equinox period already met and not a vacation slogan dump.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Almagest, c. 150 CE

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Equation of time is historically related to Sun.

    Ptolemy’s Almagest Book III seats the solar anomaly and the difference between mean and true solar positions that later equation-of-time speech still gathers when apparent and mean solar time diverge. A named equation-of-time as continuity on that solar-equation path, not bare algebra equation and not analemma as the figure-eight noon path refused here.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Almagest, c. 150 CE

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Synodic day is historically related to Sun.

    Ptolemy’s Almagest seats the solar day from noon to noon among the time measures that differ from the sidereal day of the starry sphere. A named synodic-day continuous with that sun-noon day neighborhood, not sidereal-day and not synodic-month the lunar phases already met.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Almagest, c. 150 CE

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Central eclipse is historically related to Sun.

    Ptolemy’s Almagest Book VI seats solar eclipses whose shadow axis meets the earth — the center-line cases later central-eclipse speech gathers for total and annular paths. A named central-eclipse continuous with that axis-on-earth solar geometry, not partial-eclipse off-axis and not hybrid modern path taxonomy refused here.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Almagest, c. 150 CE

    historically related to · sourced · documented

object · 5

Egyptian religion · Nile valley

European folklore

  • Astronomical clock is historically related to Sun.

    Reid’s astronomical and equation neighborhood seats the astronomical clock among clocks that also show the sun’s place on subsidiary dials beside civil hours. A named astronomical-clock in that craft, not an orloj façade alone and not a bare orrery.

    from Thomas Reid · Treatise on Clock and Watch Making, 1826

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Orrery is historically related to Sun.

    Reid’s geared astronomical models seat the orrery among early modern machines that show planetary motion about the sun as a clockmaker’s sky model. A named orrery in that craft neighborhood, not an astrarium alone and not a live sky clock on The Gnomon.

    from Thomas Reid · Treatise on Clock and Watch Making, 1826

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Burning glass is used in Sun.

    Brewster’s Treatise seats burning and illuminating lenses among convex glasses that concentrate the sun’s rays to fuse metals and throw a condensed beam. A named burning-glass in that optical-instrument speech, not a reading or magnifying hand glass and not a Claude landscape mirror.

    from David Brewster · A Treatise on Optics, 1831 (and later PD editions)

    used in · sourced · documented

  • Solar microscope is used in Sun.

    Brewster’s Treatise seats the solar microscope among projection microscopes that use the light of the sun instead of a lamp, as in the magic lantern arrangement. A named solar-microscope in that optical-instrument speech, not a compound bench microscope and not a stereo microscope.

    from David Brewster · A Treatise on Optics, 1831 (and later PD editions)

    used in · sourced · documented

phenomenon · 4

  • Sun is associated with Eclipse.

    A solar eclipse is the sun covered. Mesopotamian omen literature treated some such coverings as signs; that treatment is not universal.

    associated with · interpretive · documented

  • Shadow is associated with Sun.

    A body between sun and ground makes shade. Solar eclipse is a special case of that geometry.

    associated with · interpretive · documented

Hellenic religion

  • Solar eclipse is historically related to Sun.

    Ptolemy’s Almagest Book VI seats solar eclipse geometry — moon covering the sun’s disk for a place on earth, parallax, and magnitudes of obscuration — among the Syntaxis eclipse chapters. A named solar-eclipse continuous with that covering theory, not lunar-eclipse and not a generic eclipse word alone.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Almagest, c. 150 CE

    historically related to · sourced · documented

  • Annular eclipse is historically related to Sun.

    Ptolemy’s Almagest Book VI seats cases where the moon’s apparent disk is too small to cover the sun completely, leaving a bright ring — the geometry later annular-eclipse speech names. A named annular-eclipse continuous with that incomplete-cover solar case, not hybrid-eclipse modern path taxonomy refused here and not solar-eclipse as the total-cover genus alone.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Almagest, c. 150 CE

    historically related to · sourced · documented

concept · 3

Egyptian religion

  • Sun is associated with Rebirth.

    Egyptian funerary hope is bound to the sun’s daily rising. That daily return is not the same claim as a later European “rebirth” slogan.

    from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

    associated with · partially sourced · culturally specific

  • Cycle is associated with Sun.

    The year is a solar return in places that count by solstice and harvest. Egyptian daily solar hope is a different cycle, with a night road.

    associated with · interpretive · documented

  • Calendar is used in Sun.

    Solar years and solstice-markers are one way of naming a year. They sit beside lunar months without replacing them in every culture.

    used in · interpretive · documented

deity · 3

Egyptian religion

  • Sun is sacred to Ra.

    Egyptian temple and funerary religion treats the sun as Ra’s course. The god and the star meet there as an Egyptian itinerary.

    from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

    sacred to · sourced · culturally specific

  • Sun is historically related to Horus.

    Plutarch’s On Isis and Osiris links Horus with sun speech among Egyptian celestial allegories in the treatise — Horus as a solar figure beside hawk and Apollo equations. A named sun–Horus figure under this source, not Osiris-as-sun forced against the moon seat and not a birthday sun-sign dump.

    from Plutarch · On Isis and Osiris, c. 100 CE

    historically related to · sourced · culturally specific

Shinto

animal · 2

Egyptian religion

  • Serpent is opposed to Sun.

    Apep’s opposition is to the sun’s night journey. Keep this hostility separate from the Nahua feathered serpent, which is not an enemy of the sun in the same plot.

    from Raymond O. Faulkner (translation) · Book of the Dead, New Kingdom spells; Faulkner trans. 1972

    opposed to · partially sourced · culturally specific

element · 2

Alchemy

  • Sun is associated with Fire.

    The Tablet’s work speaks of lights and of what the sun effects. Fire here is the alchemical operation’s heat, not Vedic Agni.

    from Tabula Smaragdina (Emerald Tablet), medieval Latin tradition (Arabic antecedents)

    associated with · partially sourced · culturally specific

Vedic tradition

being · 1
color · 1

Alchemy

  • Sun is associated with Gold.

    Latin alchemy often marks gold with the sun. The metal and the star are made to stand for each other in a laboratory idiom, not in every gold-using culture.

    from Tabula Smaragdina (Emerald Tablet), medieval Latin tradition (Arabic antecedents)

    associated with · sourced · culturally specific

number · 1

Astrology

  • Sun is associated with Seven.

    Hellenistic astrology counted seven wandering lights, the sun among them. Seven here is a planetary census, not a luck charm.

    from Claudius Ptolemy · Tetrabiblos, c. 150 CE

    associated with · sourced · documented

place · 1

Shinto

plant · 1

Egyptian religion · Nile valley

sources